Three Day Blow Essay -- essays research papers

Essay The Three-Day Blow alcohol addiction is one of peoples main problems. Drinking distorts self-perception and actions. There are many reasons for drinking depression, happiness, a social event. These incentives are developed in The Three-Day Blow by Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway uses drinking as a model of expression through his character Nick and his inner conflict.This short story is about two friends that decide to spend the day together, forget about their problems and fair drink until they realize that drinking has no meaning. It just changes things for a few hours, without r...

Rudolf Diesel :: Essays Papers

Rudolf dieselRudolf Diesel is the man I chose for my hi-fi because I deal cars and car engines. Rudolf diesel invented the diesel engine. I similarly chose Rudolf Diesel because when I went to look for a person for my hi-fi he was a man who I thought that no one else would chose. I thought that Rudolf diesel would also be a man who would be interesting. I like mechanical things and not people who discovered some place or some boring invention. I want to be a mechanical engineer so Rudolf Diesel fits right in with what I want to be. That is why I chose Rudolf Diesel for my hi-fi. Some of the things that I would like to learn or so Rudolf Diesel is how he came up with the idea of making a diesel engine. I would also like to know where he was from and how old he was when he first thought up the design of the engine. I would like to know about his spiritedness like if he was married or not. I would also like to know what his life was like, if he was rich or if he was poor. If he had children, how many and if they were also inventors. I would also like to know how many improvements people have do on his original design and if they still use his basic design in modern times. I dont know much about him at all but that he invented the diesel engine and his name. I also know that he was born in 1858 and died in 1913, he was German, a mechanical engineer, and that he patented the Diesel engine. That is what I think that I know and want to know about Rudolf Diesel.Some of the things that I would like to influence out would be what kind of training he had, did he invent any other things, and what school did he go to in Europe. I would also like to know who he worked with on the engine or did he do it by himself. I would also like to know why he invented the diesel engine when they already had the gasoline engine. I would also like to know what the first diesel engine looked like and how big was it.

Explore Austen’s Presentation Of Marriage in Pride & Prejudice Essays

Explore Austens Presentation Of Marriage in Pride & PrejudiceMarriage forms the basis of the events have in Pride and Prejudiceand is presented in various bureaus in fix up to convey to readers theimportance of it in society and the expectations which come with it.Through pop the book, Austen clarifies what makes a good marriage andhow society views marriage as a unity of equal classes and a way toestablish connections.The first aspect of marriage which is revealed is the way a personsposition in society affects the choice of partner. Austen states inthe opening line of the bookIt is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man inpossession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wifeThis line both sets out the beliefs that were held by society at thetime, but also the tone of the book and the attitudes of thecharacters featured. From this line, we can learn that societyconsidered marriage to be not only a unity of two people but also aunity of assets and connections in soci ety. The expectations held bypeople are also revealed in the way that it is evaluate of men with asound financial status to succeed in marrying a woman of equal if nothigher status in order to maintain the connections previouslyestablished. This line stresses the belief that wealth was of greatimportance in society and that it was a factor that was taken intoconsideration even in the lead be intimate and was believed to form the basis of asuccessful marriage.Another aspect portrayed by this line is the extent to which Austenincluded irony in her writing. The intelligence agency universal for exampleindicated that this is a worldwide belief, however, it is the beliefof the several characters portrayed throughout th... ...formed due to the upbringing of peoplein different classes and the fact that women at the time had truly fewrights and little independence and therefore relied on men much morethan in todays society. Due to the entire differences between theclasses, many views were held in order to keep money in one familysuch as the view of arranged marriages between relations. Society hadvery strict views on what was and was not acceptable behaviour andpeople such as Lydia who broke these unwritten codes of conductsuffered exclusion from society.Although the storyline speaks about love and marriage, it also revealsto readers other aspects of society which are not as positive, such asa marriage of convenience, and therefore helps readers to understandwhy many characters acted in the way they did and how society affectedbehaviour and influenced decisions.

Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver Essay -- Papers Popular Mechanics

Popular Mechanics by Raymond cutleryWorks Cited Not includeTypically a story begins with an exposition, which introduces the characters, setting and plot. In the short story ?Popular Mechanics? by Raymond Carver, the exposition is excluded. The story begins with a short prink in action, moves quickly to the climax and totally omits the resolution. Carver uses third person objective narration to reveal the actions and the dialogue between a man and a woman. The narrator gives very little descriptive expands, never revealing the characters? thoughts or their motivation. This allows the reader the forgodom to interpret and develop their own opinions of the setting, plot, and characters of the story. This also stimulates the reader to be an active reader?to think about what is read, to ask questions, and to respond to the authors? style of writing. Firstly, the narrator gives little detail throughout the whole story. The greatest amount of detail is given in the first paragraph w here the narrator describes the weather. This description sets the tone and mood of the events that follow. Giving the impression that a cold, wet, miserable evening was in the making. ? except it was getting dark on the inside too? (265), this foreshadowing reveals that non only was the day coming to an end, but something else was about to end. Carver leaves further study of the setting to the imagination of the reader. It could take place in any century or in any city, state, or country. There have been male-female relationships since the beginning of time, in every corner of the world. The story is universal and timeless. This lack of detail allows readers to develop a setting that fits with their lifestyle.Secondly, there is no... ...l of the relationship. Carver relies on the readers? knowledge of these popular stereotypes rather of telling you about each character. In conclusion, Carver ends with, ?In this manner, the issue was decided.? (266). The lack of explicit detail in ?Popular Mechanics? leaves the reader free to develop their own resolution. A different ending could be attached to every additional reading. Did the man take the baby? Did the woman? Was the baby spite or killed? Due to the lack of detail this story could be read over and over and the reader could change the setting, plot and characterization each time. Carver takes into consideration a reader?s ability to be an active reader and their ability to incorporate their own ideas into his story. Thus, the need for lengthy detailed descriptions is not necessary, only a reader?s perception and imagination is needed.

A Students Reading Of The Politics Of Rich And Poor :: essays research papers

A Students Reading of The Politics of Rich and PoorOften times, a political analyst/scientist will write a book on thepolitics and economicals of the time. This writer may also create a drub whichemanates views contrary to the opinion of the governing body. Rarely, however,does one find an analyst who will clearly undermine his own political party by,in effect, saying, "I told you so." Kevin Phillips, editor-publisher of TheAmerican Political Report, columnist for the Los Angeles Times, and chiefpolitical analyst for the 1968 Republican presidential campaign, describes inhis book, The Politics of Rich and Poor Wealth and the American Electorate inthe Regan Aftermath, the consequences of the decisions do by the UnitedStates government while under the presidency of Republican Ronald Regan.Phillips theme of the widening gap between the upper twenty percent of thepopulation, in respect to annual income in actual dollars, with the lowertwenty percent of the population coincide s with the belief of the typicalAmerican avarice, during the eighties, leading the country on a rollercoasterride of economic instability and shaky ground. These ideas remain constant andprevalant throughout the seven chapters. His views, though somewhat repetitivein the text, strike the reader with astonishment, especially when consideringPhillips Republican party affiliation.With his thesis in mind, Phillips discusses three major factors thatescalate and at the same time submerge the state of the economy in America.These factors take the sudden shift in tax rates, the diminishing "globalwealth" of America, and the inability of the government under Regan to satisfya "happy medium" for economic growth. All of these factors support Phillipstheme and prove his argument of an up and down cycle of economic stability.From 1921 to 1925 the top one percent of the populations tax rate was little by little decreased from the marginally high rate of seventy-three percent allt he way to just twenty-five percent. Over four years this elite theme ofAmericans received a forty-eight percent reduction in taxes. This decreaseopened the door for the super-rich Americans to capitalize and increase theircurrent wealth.As the taxes decreased for this separate of the population, others alsobenefited. A surge in real estate investments occured, the stock market valuesrose dramatically, and new technology such as radios and automobiles were rise up every day. This bull economy lasted only a few short years. By 1929,the situation was reversed entirely. The economy crashed with unequaledconsequences. The rich citizens who were living "the well life" four years agowere now stuck with paying seventy-three percent of the entire populations

A Students Reading Of The Politics Of Rich And Poor :: essays research papers

A Students Reading of The Politics of Rich and PoorOften times, a political psychoanalyst/scientist will write a book on thepolitics and economics of the time. This writer may also create a work whichemanates views contrary to the opinion of the governing body. Rarely, however,does one start an analyst who will clearly on a swallow floormine his own political party by,in effect, saying, "I told you so." Kevin Phillips, editor-publisher of TheAmerican Political Report, columnist for the Los Angeles Times, and chiefpolitical analyst for the 1968 Republican presidential campaign, describes inhis book, The Politics of Rich and Poor Wealth and the American Electorate inthe Regan Aftermath, the consequences of the decisions made by the UnitedStates government while under the presidency of Republican Ronald Regan.Phillips theme of the widening gap between the upper twenty percent of thepopulation, in respect to annual income in actual dollars, with the lowertwenty percent of the population coincides with the belief of the typicalAmerican avarice, during the eighties, leading the country on a rollercoasterride of economic instability and shaky ground. These ideas lie constant andprevalant throughout the seven chapters. His views, though somewhat repetitivein the text, strike the reader with astonishment, especially when consideringPhillips Republican party affiliation.With his thesis in mind, Phillips discusses one-third major factors thatescalate and at the same time submerge the state of the economy in America.These factors include the sudden shift in tax rates, the change magnitude "globalwealth" of America, and the inability of the government under Regan to satisfya "happy medium" for economic growth. All of these factors support Phillipstheme and prove his railway line of an up and down cycle of economic stability.From 1921 to 1925 the top one percent of the populations tax rate wasgradually decreased from the marginally high rate o f 73 percent allthe way to just twenty-five percent. Over four years this elite group ofAmericans received a forty-eight percent decline in taxes. This decreaseopened the door for the super-rich Americans to capitalize and increase theircurrent wealth.As the taxes decreased for this group of the population, others alsobenefited. A surge in corporeal estate investments occured, the stock market valuesrose dramatically, and new technology such as radios and automobiles weresurfacing every day. This bull economy lasted only a few short years. By 1929,the situation was reversed entirely. The economy crashed with unequaledconsequences. The rich citizens who were living "the good life" four years agowere in a flash stuck with paying seventy-three percent of the entire populations

Arguing the Existence of God from Religious Experience

Analyse the command for the existence of God from sacred start out A religious have it away offers a sense of the ultimate and an awareness of wholeness, a consciousness of the infinite and an absolute dependence. Edward Schleiermacher. Religious fetch has been a contentious theatre for philosophers of religion in trying to actually define what a religious experience is, along with psychologists and religious believers. Otto, James, Hardy and Schleiermacher are among many people who nurse tried to define a religious experience and there basic understanding is it is an encounter with the divine.It is non- a posteriori, a personal occurrence that brings with it an awareness of something beyond ourselves. Those who have had such an experience count it as the ultimate proof of the existence of God. It is difficult to find a common theme with religious experiences due to the renewal but you can divide them into two basic groups a direct experience and an indirect experience. Test imonies of the occurrence of religious experiences can be found throughout human history, but do they prove that humanity has a link with God if they are true and if they are false, why are we so arrange to believe them?Every testimony of a religious experience is unique and most occur to individuals in private but others are corporate experiences, when cock-a-hoop numbers of people share in the same experience. Despite the testimony of believers there is a vast range of alternative explanations for such events which means it is unthinkable to arrive at a definite understanding of religious experience and to verify or falsify whether such events occur. The argument from religious experience is an inducive argument.Those who believe that religious experiences are proof of Gods existence usually argue inductively and look at the subjective testimonies of individuals to draw similar conclusions from their experiences that can only be explained in terms of the existence of God. Thus Richard Swinburne in Is there a God? argues inductively that it is reasonable to believe that God is loving and personal and would attempt to report himself to humanity as an act of love to enable people to bring about good An omnipotent and perfectly good creator will seek to interact with his creatures and, in particular, with human persons capable of knowing him. Swinburne suggests that religious experiences can be felt empirically and interpreted non-empirically through our religious sense. Thus, if someone has a religious experience, we should believe the experience has taken place, even if their experience differs from others. In analyse of the inductive argument, it is strong as there is evidence that after the experience the experient is changed forever. Moreover some of the greatest events in history have resulted from people having religious experiences, such as Pauls conversion after sightedness a vision of Christ and was instrumented into spreading Christianity arou nd the world.Nevertheless, the continued problem remains that the conclusion is only the best answer that appears verisimilar on the theme of the evidence offered. The conclusion depends on an accurate interpretation of the evidence which may be influenced by the beliefs of the experient or the person interpreting the experience. The cumulative argument for religious experience is based on the view that if you take all the arguments about religious experience together, then they are more convincing than one argument alone.If all the testimonies to religious experiences are taken into account, then this would certainly add weight to religious experience as proof of the existence of God. Swinburne concludes his work with the cumulative argument and believes that when the arguments are considered in isolation of the others they preceptort prove God, but put together, they make an overwhelming argument which can non be denied in the voluptuous scales of Atheism Vs Theism. But it ha s been argued the theory is logically and mathematically flawed as taking many low probabilities and adding does not make on more probable argument in concomitant the opposite.You should be multiplying the weak arguments to get a very weak argument. Richard Swinburne believed that unless we have good reason to think that someone is not telling the truth we should work on the article of belief that what they say is the case, these are his principles of testimony and credulity. Under his principle of testimony, he argues unless we have evidence to the setback we should believe what people say when they claim to have had a religious experience In the absence of special considerations, the experiences of others are as they report. Furthermore Swinburne created the principle of credulity that holds the belief that unless we have overwhelming evidence to the contrary, we should believe that things are as they seem to be. In The Existence of God he wrote How things seem to be is a good guide to how things are.. Therefore in his view, religious experiences provide a convincing proof for the existence of God. In support if Swinburnes position, empirical research undertaken in recent years has indicated that as many as 40% of people have at some time in their lives had an experience that could be classified as religious.Furthermore in 1969, the Religious Experience Research Unit in Oxford surveyed people by asking them the question Have you at any time in your life had an experience of something completely different form your normal life, whether or not you would describe it as God? legion(predicate) responded positively, saying it was the first time they had told anyone about their experience but it had been one of the most important moments of their lives.However one difficulty Steven rightfulness highlights in his book The tormentor of Ethics is taking such revelatory experiences at face value is not restricted to one faith. He wrote, Catholics see the Virgi n Mary. Hindus witness Vishnu.. the fact that people have so many bizarre and often contradictory experiences.. ought to lead someone who claims to have had a revelation to treat their experience with caution. Law calls for experients to question their experience and for atheists to remain sceptic, as the experient could easily have mistaken their experience.The argument from religious experience is a posterior which means that it is based on experience, and if the experience is reliable it may lead to reliable conclusions. Many theists believe in order for a belief in God to be rational, they dont need to back up their experience with proof as Gods existence was directly revealed to them through a personal experience of God. Those who have experienced may have done so but the evidence doesnt strongly support that conclusion for non-religious believers.

Shakespeare Festival

I have decided to assess Amanda Husseins interpretation of Shakespearian well- known mogul Lear. Amanda transported the tragedy of this fulfill from the eighth century before Christ, to the sass in a world where the show and performing is e precisething. This queen Lear was introduced in a Chicago carriage with twain actresses walking down the theatre stairs and presenting Englands king. This roaring entrance shifted the au departnce back In time to the correct time setting, making It dupe from then and onwards where this play was set.In an unknown location In the sass, King Lear (magnetically portrayed by Alluding) is deciding on which of his three daughters should have his land Cornelia, toast and Reagan. The last two, are the real antagonists of the play, and when their father asks them how much they love him, they falsely herald their love for him. Cornelia, who in truth is the only daughter who truly loves him, barely speaks explaining that there are no words to explain how she feels about his father. King Lear though breaks Into a rage and sends her away, thinking he now understands who deserves his lands.We then design a subplot, which assn very actualise as I had difficulties connecting the dots of the two plots. Two men, whose identities I still havent figured out, try to conspire against Gloucester and try to take his place. The play keeps jumping from one side of the plot to the separate, where we see the two evil sisters Goner and Reagan making their plans. As time passes, Cornelia keeps being loyal to both King Lear and her mean sisters, forgiving them all. The actual plot wasnt easy to grasp by the audience, as the audience most of the time was po baitively struck by the clear moreover extremely effective staging and the convincing acting.The stage was set out in a way that as soon as you entered the theatre, you today wondered what was acquittance to happen, and knew that you were about to see something very unusual. The curtains we re only partially open, leaving a space of about 5 meters which made all members of the audience commission on what was going on. This was obviously position of and had a successful Impact on the spectators who directed their eyes where everything was happening. On the floor, three colored drapes were carefully finesse parallel to the stage magenta, blue and green.These, other than the lights, were the only colored items on stage as the actors were all wearing black suits with white shirts, with the exception of King Lear, who wore a black fedora hat. The costumes perfectly mirrored the time period, and the fedora hat, typical of the sass, was one of the many gems of this play which made It as a whole, amazing. eight black stools were set In three rows on the drapes and near these stools is where all the acting was going to happen. The middle stool was of course reserved to King Lear.In the seem row, on the sides, there were the two sisters General and Reagan, whilst in the las t row, right behind Lear, there was the innocent Cornelia. On the left and right of the set, two girls and two boys stood, making the pattern pleasing to the audience. Mantas set out of the stools was very effective, because since we are In theatre, the presence of all actors on stage, which, without a doubt, made this interpretation of Shakespearean King Lear fascinating, was the use of lighting and freeze-frames.The lights were one of the main characters as they were always used. More than this, they were matching the three drapes on the floor which made it to a fault esthetically pleasing to the audiences eye. Since the setting of the stage was very minimalist, lights helped the audience understand what was going on, where something was happening, and highlighted the actors emotions. For example, the use of green light when General and Reagan, the two mean sisters, were conspiring, gave importance to their sense of smell of new and wickedness.Also, the use of Strobe lights in on e of the final expectations where King Lear be spots mad, really drew special attention to his feelings and stressed this scenario of chaos. Not only this, but the use of Strobe lights, which was undoubtedly thought f, directly included the audience which felt in the same situation of discomfort as King Lear himself. Depending so much on lights, this play had no need of special sound effects, and in fact had none. As I said, freeze-frames were abundantly (and correctly) used in the play.Amanda, thank to the layout of the stage, afforded to have all actors on stage at all times. What happened was that when an actor had to deliver his or her lines, he or she had the freedom of using the space on the stage however they thought was appropriate (although it was clear that the director did her bob in keeping everyone where they were supposed to be). If the actors didnt happen to be in the movie that was going on at the moment, they would by frozen standing in front of the stool, honcho s down, hands held in front of them, silent.The only exception went for King Lear who sat with his head in his hand, giving to the audience a constant message of desperation and confusion which I thought was brilliant. On certain occasions though, the changing of the scene made them move. All of the actors would simultaneously walk around their stool once, grab the stool, and in reflect unison noisily place it on the ground to sit on it. Not only the unanimity of the eight actors left the theatre speechless, but the moment the stools touched the ground, the lights would change color, making this perfectly synchronized scene change sudden, but expected at the same time.All of these techniques made the actors who werent part of the scene disappear, and made us focus on the actors acting. All actors did an outstanding mull over performing this version of King Lear. Since everything was very minimalist and brought in an unknown location, it was vitally important that the actors gave th e play the depth it deserved. I honestly believe that Amanda did a fantastic Job in directing everything, because you could really feel the effort that she put into every second and line of the play.Positions, lights, costumes, and acting was very well thought of, and it was clear when they all performed that all the details counted. The characters and actors which stood out the most, out of the eight, were the three sisters and King Lear. Cornelia was interpreted by Aviators, who never stepped out of character, and although had to portray a timid personality, she engaged to be heard by everyone in the audience. Her body language, as well as the other two sisters, was coherent to what she was saying and feeling from the very first scene when she expressed her love to her father, to the very last.General and Reagan were interpreted by Lucia and Sofia. The two actresses created a very strong bond between the two of them, and with the audience. Their acting, I feel, was very Lucia and Sofia moved around the stage, gave a clear understanding that they fully felt what their characters were experiencing, as their emotions of envy, Jealousness and wickedness contaminated the stage. Last, but without a doubt not least, is Ludicrous performance of King Lear. I strongly believe that his whole rendition was, as I already said, magnetic.When he was talking using that latterly voice he gave to his King Lear, all eyes were fixed on him and every word he said, he filled it with a deepness which the other actors honestly lacked. Ludicrous acting was charismatic, and touched everyone. One of the last scenes, when King Lear becomes mad, his body language and voice tone gave me goose bumps. This though, wasnt only because of his acting, but also due to the fact that Amanda had the brilliant idea to rate a sound blanket during the scene where Lear is going crazy, and all the actors slowly approach him chanting louder and louder die Ii Die . This, together with the acting, and t he Strobe lights, is one of the scenes which made this play so unforgettable to me. I was completely hypnotized by the end of it, and it took me a while to come back in the real world as the whole play was fixed in my head and Just didnt want to come out. Amanda indeed managed to communicate throughout her directing many emotions to me, and to the rest of the audience.

I Was Born Ugly

Not the kind of darkness that makes my mother turn away in revulsion. But the immorality that makes her st atomic number 18 intently, taking in every rough edge and every smooth curve. Only so that she can sit awake at dark and ask God what he was up to. The type of ugliness that you wear like a jacket even when it smells of dried sweat and stunted growth. Ugliness is what made effulgent barbarians out of grown men. Because civilization and sanity are only opium for civilized and sane people and civilized and sane people are beautiful people.Ugliness is what makes the painter paint, the sculptor sculpt and the writer write. Their very existence is an act of rebellion, of contumaciousness. Art is Ugliness that helps us realize natures deficiencies and it can non appeal to beautiful people, it offends their being, it is objectionable and unpleasant to their senses. Ugliness is what prompted negroes to march and sing for a liberty that was supposed to be intrinsic and not take up arm s. Ugliness was the fire in his bones when he stood on that podium, forsaking office and gentry and tell the truth for what it was. Yes, Ugliness was the culprit.Ugliness was the strength in her eyes when she gave that child a hug, when she held that mans hands and told that woman it was waiver to be alright. Ugliness was what made her die for a cause she knew was neer going to lift her out of a squalor that her family had struggled with for generations. Ugliness was what made him look at faces that opposed him and still decide that he was not going to pick that stone or utter that curse. Ugliness was what made him think that his justice and freedom were for naught if the man in the next room did not have his justice and freedom granted to him and in equal measure.Ugliness breathed in his breaths when he said an eye for an eye, and the world will go blind. Ugliness was the reason she said that if you love until it hurts there can be no more hurt only love. Ugliness was what made t hat promising savant turn his back on years of academic excellence to join an army he was so clearly unfit for. For Queen and Country was what he said. Ugliness was what swam in their veins when they suspended the death sentence because they believed that Human Rights were fundamental, that they were rights for not some, not a majority but every human being.If you seek psyche to blame, blame ugliness. Ugliness was what made that mother contend the sentence against her son with every thing she had and did not have. Courage? No, that was Ugliness. Ugliness is what makes that mandarin stay sure to his oaths and that wife true to her vows. Ugliness is what makes the little girl kneel beside her bed every night and pray for the hands that beat her. For the tongues that curse her and for a administration that does not acknowledge her. Ugliness is not a beautiful thing, a beautiful thing is that which has tried to imitate Ugliness and failed.. Ugliness is ugly.

Fundamental of Laws

We would first need to establish if there is a valid and legitimately binding contract formation between gladiolus (the houseor) before deciding on the likely outcomes for the parties. A proper contract constitutes an offer, an betrothal, the provision of a consideration of value and parties intention to legal relations. There was no depute as to the presence of a valid offer because Iris did indeed make an offer to sell the delicate for a specific charge and its terms i. e. keeping the offer open for Diana gutter noon on Saturday, were communicated to Diana.In return, Diana had also put up her consideration towards the formation of the contract by making an effort to raise the money needed to buy the aforementioned piano from Iris. Beside the elements of credence, which we shall discuss in the latter paragraphs, the collective actions from the both parties suggested that they were intending to form legal relations with each other. OFFER Offer and acceptance analysis is a tra ditional approach in contract law used to determine whether an stipulation exists between two parties.Agreement consist of an offer by an indication of one person, the offeror, to another, the offeree, of the offerors leave aloneingness to enter into s contract on reliable terms without further negotiation. At law, an offer is the indication by one party to another of his willingness to enter into a contract with him on certain terms. It must(prenominal) be communicated to the offeree. It may be kept open if supported by consideration. Also, an offer may be terminated. On Monday, Iris communicated her offer to sell her piano to Diana for ?500. Therefore, Iris is the offeror.At law, a call off to keep an offer open for a certain sequence or to give someone first refusal will not be legally binding unless the offeree gave some containment to the offeror in return for the favour. Otherwise, the offeror is making however a gratuitous promise giving something for nothing. Such a promise is not a contractual one, since it lacks consideration Goldsborough Mort & Co Ltd v Quinn (1910) There is no option present as Diana did not give anything of value to Iris to keep the offer open. Therefore, Iris promise to hold the piano till Saturday was not legally binding. Thus, the offer was invalid. word meaningThere are two elements for acceptance to be valid. At law, acceptance must be Final and Unqualified. The general rule is that acceptance is effective only when is communicated to the offeror. Dianas acceptance is final and unqualified as she phoned and left a message with Iriss lady friend, Athena, saying that she got the money and would collect the piano on Saturday morning. However, the acceptance was not communicated to Iris as Athena forgot to pass the message to Iris. Thus, Dianas acceptance of offer is invalid as it does not fulfill the requirements for the acceptance to be effective. The acceptance was not communicated to the offeror.REVOCATION At law, o fferor may revoke an offer at any time prior to the offer world accepted even if the offeror has promised not to revoke it Routledge v Grant Notice of revocation is crucial it is not effective unless the offeree knows it. Offeror are empower to change their minds and withdraw offers at any time right up to the moment of acceptance. An offer can be revoked by the offeror any time before it is accepted. This is analogous to the case of Byrne & Co v Leon Tienhoven & Co (1880) Personal notification is usual, but is not essential as long as the offeree knew or reasonably should have know that the offer had been withdrawn. Dickinson v Dodds (1876, CA) Revocation must be communicated to the offeree Byrne v Van Tienhoven (1880) On Thursday, Iris was visited by Juno who said that she would pay ?600 for the piano. Later that day, Iris posted a garner to Diana on Thursday to revoke the offer. The revocation of the offer was invalid as the letter of revocation did not reach Diana. This wa s due to the fact that Mercury, the postman, delivered the letter to the wrong address. Thus, revocation was not communicated to the offeree.However, Iris would argue that the revocation was valid as at law, Iris did not receive an acceptance from Diana and she could revoke the offer at any time prior to the offer being accepted. But, Iris was not aware that the letter of revocation did not reach Diana. On the other hand, Diana would argue that the revocation was not effective as she gave her acceptance on offer to Iriss daughter on phone on Wednesday. Diana did not know that the acceptance was not communicated to Iris and she did not receive the letter of revocation.Thus, Diana assumed that her acceptance on offer was valid and appeared with a hired van to collect the piano on Saturday evening. Henceforth, Iris revocation on Thursday was not effective as the letter of revocation did not reach Diana. Revocation was not communicated to the offeree. CONCLUSION The offer between Iris a nd Diana is valid as well as Juno offer to Iris. The acceptance between Iris and Diana is not legally binding due to it was just a verbal promise that Iris would hold on to the piano for Diana till Saturday morning if Diana could raise the money.On Wednesday, although Dianas acceptance was made to Iriss daughter, Athena, it was not direct to Iris. If Dianas acceptance is invalid it can be argued, but if theres this, Junos acceptance may be valid. But the contract between Juno and Iris was invalid still due to Junos offer was given to Iris on Thursday. Although Iris accepted the offer, theres still no legal contract between them until Saturday. But Iris did something, she sent a revocation letter to Diana but Diana didnt receive it. Therefore, Diana can actually sue Iris for compensation.